What significant advancement contributed to the evolution of more complex societies?

The learning to domesticate animals marked a significant advancement that played a crucial role in shaping more complex societies. This development allowed for a sustained and reliable source of food, as domesticated animals provided meat, milk, and labor. By having a consistent food supply, communities could support larger populations, which in turn facilitated the growth of settlements and the emergence of social structures.

This domestication process also led to advancements in agriculture, as animals were used for plowing fields and transporting goods. The increased agricultural productivity not only improved food security but also enabled communities to engage in various specialized roles, fostering trade and further complex societal arrangements.

While other advancements listed, such as building larger structures or developing advanced tools, contributed to the evolution of societies, they were often dependent on the foundational changes brought by domestication. The creation of trade routes is another significant aspect, but it became increasingly feasible as populations grew and diversified due to the earlier developments linked to animal domestication.